Gynaecological endoscopy is a surgical discipline that uses optical instruments specially designed to help diagnose gynaecological disorders and pathologies such as some infertility problems, small vaginal haemorrhages or endometrial polyps among others. The invention of these tiny devices that enable doctors to operate inside the body without the need for open surgery has greatly improved the conditions of patients. Endoscopy has secured a firm place in the management of patients with infertility and endoscopic surgical techniques will develop rapidly in the near future to serve the various needs of female patients. There are three types of endoscopic surgery in obstetrics and gynaecology: laparoscopy; hysteroscopy; and salpingoscopy.

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Gynaecological endoscopy is a surgical discipline which uses optical instruments specially designed to help diagnose the most frequent female disorders and pathologies such as some infertility problems, small vaginal hemorrhages or endometrial polyps among others. Gynaecological endoscopy employs hysteroscopy and laparoscopy for these purposes.

Gynaecological endoscopy as we know it is nowadays is possible thanks to important technical advances, along with the sophistication and the miniaturization of the equipment used. Modern anaesthetic medicine has also played an important part in the development of surgical procedures. This medicine is extremely effective, wears off quickly and its side effects have been reduced so that it can be used effectively in ambulatory surgery. Among other advances this made possible the so called minimally invasive surgery which owes its name to the fact that very small incisions are made and the intervention is ambulatory.

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